Benchmark evidence archive
Every SuperFermion benchmark run - the desktop grid, the laptop MPS/MCM, sf-cat and execution-mode suites, and the draft paper (PDF, Markdown, LaTeX) - with raw data, figures and a row-by-row consistency check.
Key tables
The headline table of each study, in the order the evidence is organised: the statevector grid first, then MPS and dynamic circuits, then execution modes. The complete set of 132 tables and 42 figures is reproduced on the draft paper page.
Grid: statevector study
Table (overall) - Reconstructed performance on 252 matched conditions per configuration
| Framework | Compute median (ms) | Compute total (min) | Median pair ratio (n) | RAM median (MiB) | Paired RAM saving (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SuperFermion | 29.70 | 27.36 | - | 150.60 | - |
| Qulacs | 100.95 | 70.04 | 1.083 (238) | 149.55 | -0.37 |
| Qiskit | 76.30 | 34.30 | 2.291 (242) | 184.70 | 16.56 |
| PennyLane | 163.95 | 132.99 | 9.216 (242) | 268.95 | 44.15 |
| Cirq f32 | 212.85 | 72.38 | 14.405 (242) | 228.60 | 34.63 |
| Cirq f64 | 548.10 | 138.52 | 34.190 (242) | 229.35 | 34.68 |
Pair ratios compare positive displayed times with SuperFermion; memory is whole-worker peak RSS. The 51 condition tables are on the draft paper page.
MPS and dynamic circuits
Table (mps_status) - Replacement MPS study outcomes by included configuration
| Framework | OK | Budget | Error | Not offered | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SuperFermion | 40 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 41 |
| Qiskit Aer | 40 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 41 |
| PennyLane | 31 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 36 |
| Cirq quimb | 30 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 38 |
| Qulacs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 26 |
Table (mps_mcm_summary) - Selected rows from the completed dynamic circuit observations
| Case | Framework | Shots | Wall (s) | RAM (MiB) | Correct |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TP 12 | SuperFermion | 500 | 0.067684 | 45.5 | Yes |
| TP 12 | Qiskit Aer | 500 | 0.789876 | 76.7 | Yes |
| Wire 17 | SuperFermion | 200 | 2.014718 | 52.8 | Yes |
| Wire 17 | Qiskit Aer | 200 | 12.330271 | 84.6 | Yes |
| MPS TP 120 | SuperFermion | 1000 | 0.317963 | 46.0 | Yes |
| MPS TP 120 | Qiskit Aer | 1000 | 1.015076 | 79.6 | Yes |
The four case rows are summarised; the full 14-row table and the ladder, stress, QFT and bond sweeps are on the draft paper page.
Execution modes
Table (modes_outcomes) - Sampling outcomes and available comparator standings
| Regime | Conditions | Faster cold | Faster warm | Complete field |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stabilizer | 6 | 2 / 6 | 5 / 6 | 1 / 6 |
| Large Clifford | 5 | 2 / 5 | 5 / 5 | 0 / 5 |
| Combined | 11 | 4 / 11 | 10 / 11 | 1 / 11 |
"Faster" means below every external comparator with a recorded timing in that condition; missing capped or budget jobs count as neither wins nor losses. The 24 condition tables and the accuracy checks are on the draft paper page.
The evidence bundles
| Bundle | Machine | Scope | Download |
|---|---|---|---|
| Full grid | Desktop, 16 threads | The 2,156-job campaign behind the paper edition: 392 condition records from 4 to 20 qubits, one SuperFermion 0.1.15 lane plus 5 external comparators and classical/analytical controls | notebook, figures and tables |
| MPS and dynamic circuits | Laptop laptop-l5lb07gu | Seven frameworks, MPS from 50 to 1,000 qubits and mid-circuit measurement | results · suite |
| sf-cat | Laptop laptop-l5lb07gu | Cold and warm sampling with a 64-qubit GHZ boundary probe | results · suite |
| Execution modes | Laptop laptop-l5lb07gu | 24 conditions: stabilizer, large Clifford, adjoint gradient and density-matrix suites | results · suite |
| Draft paper | Integrated study | 132 tables, 42 figures, 17 equations, 21 references, 107 pages | PDF · Markdown · LaTeX |
Every notebook and archive is documented, with the provenance recorded for each run, on the Draft paper page.
The cat rows behind the stabilizer and Clifford rungs are tabulated separately, together with the reason the MPS suite has no cat lane, under The sf-cat backend, on its own.
Does the paper match the raw runs?
The paper integrates three studies. The desktop and laptop archives were replayed against the paper's saved records: every statevector record must fall inside the rounding bounds of its exact desktop job, and every execution-mode value must be identical to the laptop CSV.
| Check | Result | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| grid: job counts | PASS | expected=2156 completed=2156 successful=2156 failed=0 |
| grid: conditions and lanes | PASS | conditions=252 lanes=8 |
| grid: per-lane condition counts | PASS | {"analytical_angle": 35, "cirq": 252, "cirq_f64": 252, "classical": 105, "pennylane": 252, "qiskit": 252, "qulacs": 252, "superfermion_optimized": 252} |
| paper: corpus size | PASS | records=1652 (1512 simulator + 140 controls expected) |
| desktop: job rows | PASS | all_results rows=2156 |
| paper-vs-desktop: every record maps to a grid job | PASS | matched=1652/1652 missed=0 |
| paper-vs-desktop: latency bounds contain the exact job runtime | PASS | violations=0 by lane={} |
| paper-vs-desktop: RAM bounds contain the job peak RSS | PASS | violations=0 |
| paper-vs-desktop: all desktop jobs covered by paper records | PASS | unconsumed per lane={} |
| paper-vs-desktop: per-framework compute totals | PASS | superfermion_optimized: recomputed=27.36min paper=27.36min dev=0.00%; qulacs: recomputed=70.04min paper=70.04min dev=0.00%; qiskit: recomputed=34.30min paper=34.30min dev=0.01%; pennylane: recomputed=132.99min paper=132.99min dev=0.00%; cirq: recomputed=72.38min paper=72.38min dev=0.00%; cirq_f64: recomputed=138.52min paper=138.52min dev=0.00% |
| paper: mode observation count | PASS | rows=81 conditions=24 |
| paper-vs-laptop: all 81 mode observations match raw laptop rows | PASS | compared=81 mismatches=0 |
| paper-vs-laptop: dm ratios identical | PASS | {"8": 0.5774964521075606, "10": 1.2379962435458747, "12": 1.5490119080777223} |
| paper abstract: headline compute totals present | PASS | 27.36 min / 34.30 min in main.tex |
| paper abstract: parity 2.8172e-15 matches laptop | PASS | laptop summary 2.8172e-15, laptop raw max 2.8172e-15, paper text '2.8172e-15' |
15/15 checks passed. The machine-readable report is benchmark_consistency_report.json.
What is deliberately not comparable
- The three studies keep separate timing contracts: statevector jobs report the primary compute stage, execution-mode rungs report ABBA window means, and MPS jobs report their own contracts. No cross-study compute total is introduced.
Mode::StabandMode::Cliffcompile to the same Pauli-frame tableau; matching rows at equal circuit and qubit count are by construction.Mode::Dmis a documented hold-out in the cat crate; the density-matrix section measures the sf-irsimulate_dmengine and is never framed as a cat-mode win.- cat lanes run 4-thread RAYON; competitor lanes run shipped defaults; cirq is capped at
n = 64 and stabilizer Aer at n = 256 (
not_run_cappedrows carry no numbers). - The desktop study is CPU-only ideal statevector work: no GPU, noise or hardware results.
Downloads
- Draft paper page — every notebook and archive in the table above, with the provenance recorded for each study.
- Consistency report — the 15 checks above in machine-readable form.
- Draft paper — PDF (107 pages, 1.3 MB) · Markdown · LaTeX source.
Performance Benchmarks
Benchmark results: MPS 23–33x vs Qiskit Aer on GHZ, statevector crossover vs Qulacs, adjoint gradients verified against finite differences and PennyLane, and a per-operation profile against PennyLane.
Draft paper
SuperFermion: A Leap Forward in Quantum Circuit Simulation Efficiency - the integrated draft paper with abstract, package statistics, all 132 tables, all 42 figures and downloadable PDF, Markdown and LaTeX editions.
